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Pediatrics

Pediatrics is concerned with the physical, mental, and emotional health of young people from birth to adolescence. In addition to providing preventive health care, pediatricians are trained to handle acute and chronic illness. However, more and more, children requiring hospitalization are being referred to physicians who have had pediatric subspecialty training.

• Number of physicians in specialty - Large, less than 70,000
• Competitiveness of residency - Low to Moderate, depending on geographic location
• Years of training required - Three years for general pediatrics
• Subspecialty/Combined/Fellowship Training - There are multiple subspecialty areas of pediatrics: adolescent medicine, cardiology, child abuse pediatrics, critical care medicine, developmental-behavioral pediatrics, emergency medicine, endocrinology, gastroenterology, hematology-oncology, hospice and palliative care, infectious diseases, medical toxicology, neonatal-perinatal medicine, nephrology, neurodevelopmental disabilities, pulmonology, rheumatology, transplant hepatology, sleep medicine, and sports medicine.
  
  Two to three years may be taken in the subspecialty area of allergy/immunology. After two years of a pediatric residency, you may begin training in pediatric neurology. There are also combined internal medicine-pediatrics, pediatrics-emergency medicine, pediatrics-physical medicine and rehabilitation, and pediatric psychiatry.child psychiatry programs.
  
  There is a special agreement between the American Board of Pediatrics and the American Board of Internal Medicine that enables you to fulfill the training requirements of both Boards by completing two years of training in pediatrics and two years in internal medicine.
  
  There is also a special agreement between the American Board of Pediatrics and the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology that enables you to fulfill the training requirements of both Boards by completing two years of training in pediatrics and the neurology training necessary to meet the requirements for certification in neurology with special qualification in child neurology. Another agreement exists between the American Board of Pediatrics and the American Board of Emergency Medicine for certification in both specialties.

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